Hand held surgical handle assembly, surgical adapters for use between surgical handle assembly and surgical loading units, and methods of use

ABSTRACT

A surgical device comprising an adapter assembly is disclosed. The adapter assembly selectively interconnects a loading unit and a device housing, and includes at least one drive converter assembly for interconnecting a rotatable drive shaft and an axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The at least one drive converter assembly converts and transmits a rotation of the rotatable drive shaft to an axial translation of the axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The at least one drive converter assembly includes a drive element, a drive nut, and a distal drive member. The drive element defines a longitudinal axis. The drive nut is disposed about the longitudinal axis, and the distal drive member is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 61/654,206, filed on Jun. 1, 2012, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

BACKGROUND

1. Technical Field

The present disclosure relates to surgical devices and/or systems, surgical adapters and their methods of use. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to hand held powered surgical devices, surgical adapters and/or adapter assemblies for use between and for interconnecting the powered, rotating and/or articulating surgical device or handle assembly and an loading unit for clamping, cutting and/or stapling tissue.

2. Background of Related Art

One type of surgical device is a linear clamping, cutting and stapling device. Such a device may be employed in a surgical procedure to resect a cancerous or anomalous tissue from a gastro-intestinal tract. Conventional linear clamping, cutting and stapling instruments include a pistol grip-styled structure having an elongated shaft and distal portion. The distal portion includes a pair of scissors-styled gripping elements, which clamp the open ends of the colon closed. In this device, one of the two scissors-styled gripping elements, such as the anvil portion, moves or pivots relative to the overall structure, whereas the other gripping element remains fixed relative to the overall structure. The actuation of this scissoring device (the pivoting of the anvil portion) is controlled by a grip trigger maintained in the handle.

In addition to the scissoring device, the distal portion also includes a stapling mechanism. The fixed gripping element of the scissoring mechanism includes a staple cartridge receiving region and a mechanism for driving the staples up through the clamped end of the tissue against the anvil portion, thereby sealing the previously opened end. The scissoring elements may be integrally formed with the shaft or may be detachable such that various scissoring and stapling elements may be interchangeable.

A number of surgical device manufacturers have developed product lines with proprietary drive systems for operating and/or manipulating the surgical device. In many instances the surgical devices include a handle assembly, which is reusable, and a disposable loading unit or the like that is selectively connected to the handle assembly prior to use and then disconnected from the loading unit following use in order to be disposed of or in some instances sterilized for re-use.

Many of the existing loading units for use with many of the existing surgical devices and/or handle assemblies are driven by a linear force. For examples, loading units for performing endo-gastrointestinal anastomosis procedures, end-to-end anastomosis procedures and transverse anastomosis procedures, each typically require a linear driving force in order to be operated. As such, these loading units are not compatible with surgical devices and/or handle assemblies that use a rotary motion to deliver power or the like.

In order to make the linear driven loading units compatible with surgical devices and/or handle assemblies that use a rotary motion to deliver power, a need exists for adapters and/or adapter assemblies to interface between and interconnect the linear driven loading units with the rotary driven surgical devices and/or handle assemblies.

SUMMARY

The present disclosure relates to a surgical device, comprising a device housing, at least one drive motor, a battery, a circuit board, a loading unit, and an adapter assembly. The device housing defines a connecting portion for selectively connecting with the adapter assembly. The at least one drive motor is supported in the device housing and is configured to rotate at least one drive shaft. The battery is disposed in electrical communication with the at least one drive motor. The circuit board is disposed within the housing for controlling power delivered from the battery to the at least one drive motor. The loading unit is configured to perform at least one function, and includes at least one axially translatable drive member. The adapter assembly is for selectively interconnecting the loading unit and the device housing, and includes a knob housing, and at least one drive converter assembly. The knob housing is configured and adapted for selective connection to the device housing and to be in operative communication with each of the at least one rotatable drive shaft. The at least one drive converter assembly is for interconnecting a respective one of the at least one rotatable drive shaft and one of the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The at least one drive converter assembly converts and transmits a rotation of the rotatable drive shaft to an axial translation of the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The at least one drive converter assembly includes a first drive converter assembly including a drive element, a drive nut, and a distal drive member. The drive element is rotatably supported in the knob housing. A proximal end of the drive element is engagable with the rotatable drive shaft. The drive element defines a longitudinal axis. The drive nut is threadably engaged with a distal portion of the drive element. A proximal portion of the distal drive member is disposed in mechanical cooperation with the drive nut. A distal portion of the distal drive member is configured for selective engagement with the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. Rotation of the rotatable drive shaft results in rotation of the drive element. Rotation of the drive element results in axial translation of the drive nut, the distal drive member, and the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The drive nut is disposed about the longitudinal axis, and the distal drive member is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, the threaded portion of the drive element is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, a radial center of each of the drive element, the drive nut and the distal drive member are disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, a radial center of the threaded portion of the drive element is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, the entire lengths of each of the drive element, and the distal drive member are disposed along the longitudinal axis, and wherein the entire length of the drive nut is disposed about the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, the drive element is radially off-center with respect to the knob housing. Here, it is disclosed that the drive shaft is radially off-center with respect to the connecting portion.

In disclosed embodiments, the drive is rotatable with respect to the drive nut. Here, it is disclosed that the distal drive member is fixed from rotation with respect to the drive nut.

The present disclosure also relates to an adapter assembly for selectively interconnecting a surgical loading unit and a handle assembly having at least one rotatable drive shaft. The adapter assembly comprises a knob housing, and at least one drive converter assembly. The knob housing is configured and adapted for selective connection to a handle assembly, and includes a drive coupling housing. The at least one drive converter assembly is for interconnecting a respective one of the at least one rotatable drive shaft and a portion of a surgical loading unit. The at least one drive converter assembly converts and transmits a rotation of the rotatable drive shaft to an axial translation of the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The at least one drive converter assembly includes a first drive converter assembly including a drive element, a drive nut, and a distal drive member. The drive element is rotatably supported in the knob housing. A proximal end of the drive element is engagable with the rotatable drive shaft. The drive element defines a longitudinal axis. The drive nut is threadably engaged with a distal portion of the drive element. A proximal portion of the distal drive member is disposed in mechanical cooperation with the drive nut. A distal portion of the distal drive member is configured for selective engagement with the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. Rotation of the rotatable drive shaft results in rotation of the drive element, and rotation of the drive element results in axial translation of the drive nut, the distal drive member, and the at least one axially translatable drive member of the loading unit. The drive nut is disposed about the longitudinal axis, and the distal drive member is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, the threaded portion of the drive element is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, a radial center of each of the drive element, the drive nut and the distal drive member are disposed along the longitudinal axis. Here, it is disclosed that a radial center of the threaded portion of the drive element is disposed along the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, the entire lengths of each of the drive element, and the distal drive member are disposed along the longitudinal axis, and wherein the entire length of the drive nut is disposed about the longitudinal axis.

In disclosed embodiments, the drive element is radially off-center with respect to the knob housing.

In disclosed embodiments, the drive is rotatable with respect to the drive nut. Here, it is disclosed that the distal drive member is fixed from rotation with respect to the drive nut.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of a surgical device and adapter, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, illustrating a connection thereof with an loading unit;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the surgical device of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of the surgical device of FIGS. 1 and 2;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a battery for use in the surgical device of FIGS. 1-3;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the surgical device of FIGS. 1-3, with a housing thereof removed;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the connecting ends of each of the surgical device and the adapter, illustrating a connection therebetween;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the surgical device of FIGS. 1-3, as taken through 7-7 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the surgical device of FIGS. 1-3, as taken through 8-8 of FIG. 2;

FIG. 9 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of a trigger housing of the surgical device of FIGS. 1-3;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of the adapter of FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is an end view of the adapter of FIGS. 1 and 10, as seen from 11-11 of FIG. 10;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of the adapter of FIGS. 1 and 10, as taken through 12-12 of FIG. 10;

FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 12;

FIG. 14 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 12;

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the adapter of FIGS. 1 and 10, as taken through 15-15 of FIG. 12;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 15;

FIG. 17 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 15;

FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the adapter of FIGS. 1 and 10, as taken through 18-18 of FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 15;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of a firing system of the present disclosure;

FIG. 21 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the firing system of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 21;

FIG. 23 is an enlarged view of the indicated area of detail of FIG. 20;

FIG. 24 is a perspective view of a distal portion of the adapter of FIGS. 1 and 10 adjacent a proximal portion of a loading unit;

FIG. 25 is a perspective view, with parts separated, of an exemplary loading unit for use with the surgical device and the adapter of the present disclosure; and

FIG. 26 is a schematic illustration of the outputs to the LEDs; selection of motor (to select clamping/cutting, rotation or articulation); and selection of the drive motors to perform a function selected.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments of the presently disclosed surgical devices, and adapter assemblies for surgical devices and/or handle assemblies are described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. As used herein the term “distal” refers to that portion of the adapter assembly or surgical device, or component thereof, farther from the user, while the term “proximal” refers to that portion of the adapter assembly or surgical device, or component thereof, closer to the user.

A surgical device, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, is generally designated as 100, and is in the form of a powered hand held electromechanical instrument configured for selective attachment thereto of a plurality of different loading units that are each configured for actuation and manipulation by the powered hand held electromechanical surgical instrument.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, surgical device 100 is configured for selective connection with an adapter 200, and, in turn, adapter 200 is configured for selective connection with an loading unit or single use loading unit 300.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1-3, surgical device 100 includes a handle housing 102 having a lower housing portion 104, an intermediate housing portion 106 extending from and/or supported on lower housing portion 104, and an upper housing portion 108 extending from and/or supported on intermediate housing portion 106. Intermediate housing portion 106 and upper housing portion 108 are separated into a distal half-section 110 a that is integrally formed with and extending from the lower portion 104, and a proximal half-section 110 b connectable to distal half-section 110 a by a plurality of fasteners. When joined, distal and proximal half-sections 110 a, 110 b define a handle housing 102 having a cavity 102 a therein in which a circuit board 150 and a drive mechanism 160 is situated.

Distal and proximal half-sections 110 a, 110 b are divided along a plane that traverses a longitudinal axis “X” of upper housing portion 108, as seen in FIG. 3.

Handle housing 102 includes a gasket 112 extending completely around a rim of distal half-section and/or proximal half-section 110 a, 110 b and being interposed between distal half-section 110 a and proximal half-section 110 b. Gasket 112 seals the perimeter of distal half-section 110 a and proximal half-section 110 b. Gasket 112 functions to establish an air-tight seal between distal half-section 110 a and proximal half-section 110 b such that circuit board 150 and drive mechanism 160 are protected from sterilization and/or cleaning procedures.

In this manner, the cavity 102 a of handle housing 102 is sealed along the perimeter of distal half-section 110 a and proximal half-section 110 b yet is configured to enable easier, more efficient assembly of circuit board 150 and a drive mechanism 160 in handle housing 102.

Intermediate housing portion 106 of handle housing 102 provides a housing in which circuit board 150 is situated. Circuit board 150 is configured to control the various operations of surgical device 100, as will be set forth in additional detail below.

Lower housing portion 104 of surgical device 100 defines an aperture (not shown) formed in an upper surface thereof and which is located beneath or within intermediate housing portion 106. The aperture of lower housing portion 104 provides a passage through which wires 152 pass to electrically interconnect electrical components (a battery 156, as illustrated in FIG. 4, a circuit board 154, as illustrated in FIG. 3, etc.) situated in lower housing portion 104 with electrical components (circuit board 150, drive mechanism 160, etc.) situated in intermediate housing portion 106 and/or upper housing portion 108.

Handle housing 102 includes a gasket 103 disposed within the aperture of lower housing portion 104 (not shown) thereby plugging or sealing the aperture of lower housing portion 104 while allowing wires 152 to pass therethrough. Gasket 103 functions to establish an air-tight seal between lower housing portion 106 and intermediate housing portion 108 such that circuit board 150 and drive mechanism 160 are protected from sterilization and/or cleaning procedures.

As shown, lower housing portion 104 of handle housing 102 provides a housing in which a rechargeable battery 156, is removably situated. Battery 156 is configured to supply power to any of the electrical components of surgical device 100. Lower housing portion 104 defines a cavity (not shown) into which battery 156 is inserted. Lower housing portion 104 includes a door 105 pivotally connected thereto for closing cavity of lower housing portion 104 and retaining battery 156 therein.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 5, distal half-section 110 a of upper housing portion 108 defines a nose or connecting portion 108 a. A nose cone 114 is supported on nose portion 108 a of upper housing portion 108. Nose cone 114 is fabricated from a transparent material. An illumination member 116 is disposed within nose cone 114 such that illumination member 116 is visible therethrough. Illumination member 116 is in the form of a light emitting diode printed circuit board (LED PCB). Illumination member 116 is configured to illuminate multiple colors with a specific color pattern being associated with a unique discrete event.

Upper housing portion 108 of handle housing 102 provides a housing in which drive mechanism 160 is situated. As illustrated in FIG. 5, drive mechanism 160 is configured to drive shafts and/or gear components in order to perform the various operations of surgical device 100. In particular, drive mechanism 160 is configured to drive shafts and/or gear components in order to selectively move tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300 (see FIGS. 1 and 20) relative to proximal body portion 302 of loading unit 300, to rotate loading unit 300 about a longitudinal axis “X” (see FIG. 3) relative to handle housing 102, to move anvil assembly 306 relative to cartridge assembly 308 of loading unit 300, and/or to fire a stapling and cutting cartridge within cartridge assembly 308 of loading unit 300.

The drive mechanism 160 includes a selector gearbox assembly 162 that is located immediately proximal relative to adapter 200. Proximal to the selector gearbox assembly 162 is a function selection module 163 having a first motor 164 that functions to selectively move gear elements within the selector gearbox assembly 162 into engagement with an input drive component 165 having a second motor 166.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1-4, and as mentioned above, distal half-section 110 a of upper housing portion 108 defines a connecting portion 108 a configured to accept a corresponding drive coupling assembly 210 of adapter 200.

As illustrated in FIGS. 6-8, connecting portion 108 a of surgical device 100 has a cylindrical recess 108 b that receives a drive coupling assembly 210 of adapter 200 when adapter 200 is mated to surgical device 100. Connecting portion 108 a houses three rotatable drive connectors 118, 120, 122.

When adapter 200 is mated to surgical device 100, each of rotatable drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 couples with a corresponding rotatable connector sleeve 218, 220, 222 of adapter 200. (see FIG. 6). In this regard, the interface between corresponding first drive connector 118 and first connector sleeve 218, the interface between corresponding second drive connector 120 and second connector sleeve 220, and the interface between corresponding third drive connector 122 and third connector sleeve 222 are keyed such that rotation of each of drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 causes a corresponding rotation of the corresponding connector sleeve 218, 220, 222 of adapter 200.

The mating of drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 with connector sleeves 218, 220, 222 of adapter 200 allows rotational forces to be independently transmitted via each of the three respective connector interfaces. The drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 are configured to be independently rotated by drive mechanism 160. In this regard, the function selection module 163 of drive mechanism 160 selects which drive connector or connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 is to be driven by the input drive component 165 of drive mechanism 160.

Since each of drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 has a keyed and/or substantially non-rotatable interface with respective connector sleeves 218, 220, 222 of adapter 200, when adapter 200 is coupled to surgical device 100, rotational force(s) are selectively transferred from drive mechanism 160 of surgical device 100 to adapter 200.

The selective rotation of drive connector(s) 118, 120 and/or 122 of surgical device 100 allows surgical device 100 to selectively actuate different functions of loading unit 300. As will be discussed in greater detail below, selective and independent rotation of first drive connector 118 of surgical device 100 corresponds to the selective and independent opening and closing of tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300, and driving of a stapling/cutting component of tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300. Also, the selective and independent rotation of second drive connector 120 of surgical device 100 corresponds to the selective and independent articulation of tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300 transverse to longitudinal axis “X” (see FIG. 3). Additionally, the selective and independent rotation of third drive connector 122 of surgical device 100 corresponds to the selective and independent rotation of loading unit 300 about longitudinal axis “X” (see FIG. 3) relative to handle housing 102 of surgical device 100.

As mentioned above and as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 8, drive mechanism 160 includes a selector gearbox assembly 162; a function selection module 163, located proximal to the selector gearbox assembly 162, that functions to selectively move gear elements within the selector gearbox assembly 162 into engagement with second motor 166. Thus, drive mechanism 160 selectively drives one of drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100 at a given time.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1-3 and FIG. 9, handle housing 102 supports a trigger housing 107 on a distal surface or side of intermediate housing portion 108. Trigger housing 107, in cooperation with intermediate housing portion 108, supports a pair of finger-actuated control buttons 124, 126 and rocker devices 128, 130. In particular, trigger housing 107 defines an upper aperture 124 a for slidably receiving a first control button 124, and a lower aperture 126 b for slidably receiving a second control button 126.

Each one of the control buttons 124, 126 and rocker devices 128, 130 includes a respective magnet (not shown) that is moved by the actuation of an operator. In addition, circuit board 150 includes, for each one of the control buttons 124, 126 and rocker devices 128, 130, respective Hall-effect switches 150 a-150 d that are actuated by the movement of the magnets in the control buttons 124, 126 and rocker devices 128, 130. In particular, located immediately proximal to the control button 124 is a first Hall-effect switch 150 a (see FIGS. 3 and 7) that is actuated upon the movement of a magnet within the control button 124 upon the operator actuating control button 124. The actuation of first Hall-effect switch 150 a, corresponding to control button 124, causes circuit board 150 to provide appropriate signals to function selection module 163 and input drive component 165 of the drive mechanism 160 to close a tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300 and/or to fire a stapling/cutting cartridge within tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300.

Also, located immediately proximal to rocker device 128 is a second Hall-effect switch 150 b (see FIGS. 3 and 7) that is actuated upon the movement of a magnet (not shown) within rocker device 128 upon the operator actuating rocker device 128. The actuation of second Hall-effect switch 150 b, corresponding to rocker device 128, causes circuit board 150 to provide appropriate signals to function selection module 163 and input drive component 165 of drive mechanism 160 to articulate tool assembly 304 relative to body portion 302 of loading unit 300. Advantageously, movement of rocker device 128 in a first direction causes tool assembly 304 to articulate relative to body portion 302 in a first direction, while movement of rocker device 128 in an opposite, e.g., second, direction causes tool assembly 304 to articulate relative to body portion 302 in an opposite, e.g., second, direction.

Furthermore, located immediately proximal to control button 126 is a third Hall-effect switch 150 c (see FIGS. 3 and 7) that is actuated upon the movement of a magnet (not shown) within control button 126 upon the operator actuating control button 126. The actuation of third Hall-effect switch 150 c, corresponding to control button 126, causes circuit board 150 to provide appropriate signals to function selection module 163 and input drive component 165 of drive mechanism 160 to open tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300.

In addition, located immediately proximal to rocker device 130 is a fourth Hall-effect switch 150 d (see FIGS. 3 and 7) that is actuated upon the movement of a magnet (not shown) within rocker device 130 upon the operator actuating rocker device 130. The actuation of fourth Hall-effect switch 150 d, corresponding to rocker device 130, causes circuit board 150 to provide appropriate signals to function selection module 163 and input drive component 165 of drive mechanism 160 to rotate loading unit 300 relative to handle housing 102 surgical device 100. Specifically, movement of rocker device 130 in a first direction causes loading unit 300 to rotate relative to handle housing 102 in a first direction, while movement of rocker device 130 in an opposite, e.g., second, direction causes loading unit 300 to rotate relative to handle housing 102 in an opposite, e.g., second, direction.

As seen in FIGS. 1-3, surgical device 100 includes a fire button or safety switch 132 supported between intermediate housing portion 108 and upper housing portion, and situated above trigger housing 107. In use, tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300 is actuated between opened and closed conditions as needed and/or desired. In order to fire loading unit 300, to expel fasteners therefrom when tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300 is in a closed condition, safety switch 132 is depressed thereby instructing surgical device 100 that loading unit 300 is ready to expel fasteners therefrom.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 10-24, surgical device 100 is configured for selective connection with adapter 200, and, in turn, adapter 200 is configured for selective connection with loading unit 300.

Adapter 200 is configured to convert a rotation of either of drive connectors 120 and 122 of surgical device 100 into axial translation useful for operating a drive assembly 360 and an articulation link 366 of loading unit 300, as illustrated in FIG. 25 and as will be discussed in greater detail below.

Adapter 200 includes a first drive transmitting/converting assembly for interconnecting third rotatable drive connector 122 of surgical device 100 and a first axially translatable drive member 360 of loading unit 300, wherein the first drive transmitting/converting assembly converts and transmits a rotation of third rotatable drive connector 122 of surgical device 100 to an axial translation of the first axially translatable drive assembly 360 of loading unit 300 for firing.

Adapter 200 includes a second drive transmitting/converting assembly for interconnecting second rotatable drive connector 120 of surgical device 100 and a second axially translatable drive member 366 of loading unit 300, wherein the second drive transmitting/converting assembly converts and transmits a rotation of second rotatable drive connector 120 of surgical device 100 to an axial translation of articulation link 366 of loading unit 300 for articulation.

Turning now to FIG. 10, adapter 200 includes a knob housing 202 and an outer tube 206 extending from a distal end of knob housing 202. Knob housing 202 and outer tube 206 are configured and dimensioned to house the components of adapter 200. Outer tube 206 is dimensioned for endoscopic insertion, in particular, that outer tube is passable through a typical trocar port, cannula or the like. Knob housing 202 is dimensioned to not enter the trocar port, cannula of the like. Knob housing 202 is configured and adapted to connect to connecting portion 108 a of upper housing portion 108 of distal half-section 110 a of surgical device 100.

As seen in FIGS. 10, 12 and 15, adapter 200 includes a surgical device drive coupling assembly 210 at a proximal end thereof and an loading unit coupling assembly 230 at a distal end thereof. Drive coupling assembly 210 includes a drive coupling housing 210 a rotatably supported, at least partially, in knob housing 202. In the illustrated embodiments, drive coupling assembly 210 rotatably supports a first rotatable proximal drive shaft or element 212.

As seen in FIGS. 6 and 11, drive coupling housing 210 a is configured to rotatably support first, second and third connector sleeves 218, 220 and 222, respectively. Each of connector sleeves 218, 220, 222 is configured to mate with respective first, second and third drive connectors 118, 120, 122 of surgical device 100, as described above. Connector sleeve 220 is also configured to mate with a proximal end of first proximal drive shaft 212. It is further envisioned that connector sleeves 218 and 222 are configured to mate with a proximal end of a second proximal drive shaft and a third proximal drive shaft, respectively.

With particular reference to FIGS. 13 and 16, proximal drive coupling assembly 210 includes a biasing member 224 disposed distally of respective connector sleeve 220. Biasing member 224 is disposed about drive shaft 212. Biasing member 224 acts on connector sleeve 220 to help maintain connector sleeve 220 engaged with the distal end of rotatable drive connector 118 of surgical device 100 when adapter 200 is connected to surgical device 100.

In particular, biasing member 224 functions to bias connector sleeve 220 in a proximal direction. In this manner, during assembly of adapter 200 to surgical device 100, if connector sleeve 220 is misaligned with the drive connector 120 of surgical device 100, biasing member 224 is compressed. Thus, when drive mechanism 160 of surgical device 100 is engaged, drive connector 120 of surgical device 100 will rotate and biasing member 224 will cause connector sleeve 220 to slide back proximally, effectively coupling drive connector 120 of surgical device 100 to proximal drive shaft 212 of proximal drive coupling assembly 210. It is further envisioned that drive coupling assembly 210 includes respective biasing members for proximally biasing each connector sleeve 218, 222 into engagement with the distal end of respective rotatable drive connectors 118, 122.

Adapter 200, as seen in FIGS. 12, 15, 20 and 21, includes a drive transmitting/converting assembly 240 disposed within handle housing 202 and outer tube 206. Drive transmitting/converting assembly 240 is configured and adapted to transmit or convert a rotation of drive connector 120 of surgical device 100 into axial translation of a distal drive member 248 of adapter 200, to effectuate closing, opening, and firing of loading unit 300.

As seen in FIGS. 12-24, and particularly FIGS. 20-23, first drive transmitting/converting assembly 240 includes drive shaft 212, a lead screw 250, a drive nut 260, and distal drive member 248. Lead screw 250 is a threaded portion 252, distally disposed on drive shaft 212. Drive nut 260 is an elongated member and includes an internal threaded portion 262 along an internal periphery of at least a portion of its length (e.g., proximal portion 262 a). Threaded portion 262 of drive nut 260 is configured to mechanically engage threaded portion 252 of lead screw 250. A proximal portion 248 a of distal drive member 248 is disposed in mechanical cooperation with a distal portion 260 b of drive nut 260 via a linking assembly 270.

In particular, with regard to FIGS. 15, 17 and 18, linking assembly 270 includes a first pin 272 a and a second pin 272 b disposed perpendicularly from a longitudinal axis B-B defined by drive shaft 212. Each pin 272 extends through a groove 264 (FIG. 17), which extends at least partially through drive nut 260, and a pair of corresponding recesses 249 (FIG. 18) extending at least partially through distal drive member 248. Additionally, a proximal portion 248 a of distal drive member 248 is disposed within a socket 266 formed within a distal portion 260 b of drive nut 260. Further, distal drive member 248 includes a stop member 247 disposed adjacent proximal portion 248 a thereof, which is configured to help limit distal translation of drive nut 260 with respect to distal drive member 248, for instance. Accordingly, linking assembly 270, including pins 272, effectively couples drive nut 260 with distal drive member 248, such that longitudinal translation of drive nut 260 causes concomitant longitudinal translation of distal drive member 248.

Further, with particular reference to FIG. 18, at least a portion of the perimeter of drive nut 260 includes an anti-rotation section 261. Section 261 is shown including flat surfaces, which are disposed on two lateral sides of drive nut 260 and adjacent similarly-shaped surfaces 201 of an interior portion of adapter 200. Thus, while rotation of drive shaft 212 causes rotation of lead screw 250, and while rotation of lead screw 250 would ordinarily causes rotation and longitudinal translation of drive nut 260, anti-rotation section 261 of drive nut 260 eliminates the rotation component of its movement. Thus, rotation of drive shaft 212 causes a non-rotational, longitudinal translation of drive nut 260, and thus distal drive member 248.

With reference to FIGS. 20-23, first drive transmitting/converting assembly 240 also includes a pair of thrust bearings 280. In the illustrated embodiment, thrust bearings 280 are disposed circumferentially surrounding a portion of drive shaft 212, proximally of lead screw 250. Additionally, drive shaft 212 is shown including an enlarged-diameter ring or flange 215 disposed between a first thrust bearing 280 a and a second thrust bearing 280 b. It is envisioned that thrust bearings 280 facilitate rotation of drive shaft 212 with respect to drive coupling housing 210 a, while maintaining the ability to rotate when drive shaft 212 is subjected to axial forces (e.g., when jaw members of end effector 300 are clamping tissue, etc.)

As shown in FIG. 21, longitudinal axis B-B extends through a radial center of drive shaft 212, a radial center of lead screw 250, a radial center of drive nut 260 (i.e., drive nut 260 is disposed about longitudinal axis B-B), and a radial center of distal drive member 248. Further, longitudinal axis B-B extends through the radial centers of drive shaft 212, lead screw 250, drive nut 260, and distal drive member 248 along the entirety of their respective lengths. This orientation of the so-called “on center drive system” allows distal drive member 248 to be driven directly from a motor (first motor 164, for example) and does not require any gears, thus reducing complexity and costs that are generally associated from a geared assembly. Additionally, since drive shaft 212 and lead screw 250 are under the same torque load, accurate monitoring of the torque from handle housing 102 can be facilitated.

In use, rotation of drive shaft 212, causes rotation of lead screw 250, which results in longitudinal translation of drive nut 260 along longitudinal axis B-B defined by drive shaft 212, which causes longitudinal translation of distal drive member 248. When end effector 300 is engaged with adapter 200, longitudinal translation of distal drive member 248 causes concomitant axial translation of drive member 374 of loading unit 300 to effectuate a closure of tool assembly 304 and a firing of tool assembly 304 of loading unit 300.

As seen in FIG. 6, adapter 200 includes a pair of electrical contact pins 290 a, 290 b for electrical connection to a corresponding electrical plug 190 a, 190 b disposed in connecting portion 108 a of surgical device 100. Electrical contacts 290 a, 290 b serve to allow for calibration and communication of life-cycle information to circuit board 150 of surgical device 100 via electrical plugs 190 a, 190 b that are electrically connected to circuit board 150. Adapter 200 further includes a circuit board supported in knob housing 202 and which is in electrical communication with electrical contact pins 290 a, 290 b.

When a button of surgical device is activated by the user, the software checks predefined conditions. If conditions are met, the software controls the motors and delivers mechanical drive to the attached surgical stapler, which can then open, close, rotate, articulate or fire depending on the function of the pressed button. The software also provides feedback to the user by turning colored lights on or off in a defined manner to indicate the status of surgical device 100, adapter 200 and/or loading unit 300.

A high level electrical architectural view of the system is shown in FIG. 26 and shows the connections to the various hardware and software interfaces. Inputs from presses of buttons 124, 126 and from motor encoders of the drive shaft are shown on the left side of FIG. 26. The microcontroller contains the device software that operates surgical device 100, adapter 200 and/or loading unit 300. The microcontroller receives inputs from and sends outputs to a MicroLAN, an Ultra ID chip, a Battery ID chip, and Adaptor ID chips. The MicroLAN, the Ultra ID chip, the Battery ID chip, and the Adaptor ID chips control surgical device 100, adapter 200 and/or loading unit 300 as follows:

-   MicroLAN—Serial 1-wire bus communication to read/write system     component ID information. -   Ultra ID chip—identifies surgical device 100 and records usage     information. -   Battery ID chip—identifies the Battery 156 and records usage     information. -   Adaptor ID chip—identifies the type of adapter 200, records the     presence of an end effector 300, and records usage information.

The right side of the schematic illustrated in FIG. 26 indicates outputs to the LEDs; selection of motor (to select clamping/cutting, rotation or articulation); and selection of the drive motors to perform the function selected.

As illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 25, the loading unit is designated as 300. Loading unit 300 is configured and dimensioned for endoscopic insertion through a cannula, trocar or the like. In particular, in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 25, loading unit 300 may pass through a cannula or trocar when loading unit 300 is in a closed condition.

Loading unit 300 includes a proximal body portion 302 and a tool assembly 304. Proximal body portion 302 is releasably attached to a distal coupling 230 of adapter 200 and tool assembly 304 is pivotally attached to a distal end of proximal body portion 302. Tool assembly 304 includes an anvil assembly 306 and a cartridge assembly 308. Cartridge assembly 308 is pivotal in relation to anvil assembly 306 and is movable between an open or unclamped position and a closed or clamped position for insertion through a cannula of a trocar.

Proximal body portion 302 includes at least a drive assembly 360 and an articulation link 366.

Referring to FIG. 25, drive assembly 360 includes a flexible drive beam 364 having a distal end which is secured to a dynamic clamping member 365, and a proximal engagement section 368. Engagement section 368 includes a stepped portion defining a shoulder 370. A proximal end of engagement section 368 includes diametrically opposed inwardly extending fingers 372. Fingers 372 engage a hollow drive member 374 to fixedly secure drive member 374 to the proximal end of beam 364. Drive member 374 defines a proximal porthole 376 which receives connection member 247 of drive tube 246 of first drive converter assembly 240 of adapter 200 when loading unit 300 is attached to distal coupling 230 of adapter 200.

When drive assembly 360 is advanced distally within tool assembly 304, an upper beam of clamping member 365 moves within a channel defined between anvil plate 312 and anvil cover 310 and a lower beam moves over the exterior surface of carrier 316 to close tool assembly 304 and fire staples therefrom.

Proximal body portion 302 of loading unit 300 includes an articulation link 366 having a hooked proximal end 366 a which extends from a proximal end of loading unit 300. Hooked proximal end 366 a of articulation link 366 engages coupling hook 258 c of drive bar 258 of adapter 200 when loading unit 300 is secured to distal housing 232 of adapter 200. When drive bar 258 of adapter 200 is advanced or retracted as described above, articulation link 366 of loading unit 300 is advanced or refracted within loading unit 300 to pivot tool assembly 304 in relation to a distal end of proximal body portion 302.

As illustrated in FIG. 25, cartridge assembly 308 of tool assembly 304 includes a staple cartridge 305 supportable in carrier 316. Staple cartridge 305 defines a central longitudinal slot 305 a, and three linear rows of staple retention slots 305 b positioned on each side of longitudinal slot 305 a. Each of staple retention slots 305 b receives a single staple 307 and a portion of a staple pusher 309. During operation of surgical device 100, drive assembly 360 abuts an actuation sled and pushes actuation sled through cartridge 305. As the actuation sled moves through cartridge 305, cam wedges of the actuation sled sequentially engage staple pushers 309 to move staple pushers 309 vertically within staple retention slots 305 b and sequentially eject a single staple 307 therefrom for formation against anvil plate 312.

Reference may be made to U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0314821, filed on Aug. 31, 2009, entitled “TOOL ASSEMBLY FOR A SURGICAL STAPLING DEVICE” for a detailed discussion of the construction and operation of loading unit 300.

It will be understood that various modifications may be made to the embodiments of the presently disclosed adapter assemblies. For example, the battery 156 may be replaced with alternate sources of electrical power such as line voltage (either AC or DC) or a fuel cell. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope and spirit of the present disclosure. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A surgical system comprising: a handheld surgical device including: a handle housing; a drive motor disposed in the handle housing and having an axis of rotation defining a longitudinal axis; a first, a second, and a third rotatable drive connector each operably coupled to the drive motor, the first, the second, and the third rotatable drive connectors defining a respective axis of rotation that is parallel to the longitudinal axis, the first rotatable drive connector diametrically opposed from the second rotatable drive connector and defining a first plane bisecting the handle housing, the third rotatable drive connector being offset from the first plane; and a removable battery; an adapter configured to removably couple to the handheld surgical device, the adapter including: a drive coupling assembly including a first, a second, and a third rotatable connector sleeve each configured to operably couple to the first, the second, and the third rotatable drive connectors, respectively, wherein rotation of the first, the second, and the third rotatable drive connectors causes a corresponding rotation of the first, the second, and the third rotatable connector sleeves; a knob housing extending from a distal portion of the drive coupling assembly, a radial center of the knob housing defining a central axis, wherein the third rotatable connector sleeve is disposed on the central axis and defines a second plane parallel to, and offset from, the first plane of the handheld surgical device, when the adapter is connected to the handheld surgical device, and the first and the second rotatable connector sleeves are disposed on the first plane of the handheld surgical device and offset from the second plane, when the adapter is connected to the handheld surgical device; an outer tube extending from a distal portion of the knob housing; and a loading unit coupling assembly disposed on a distal portion of the outer tube; and a loading unit configured to removably couple to the loading unit coupling assembly and to be actuated by at least one of the rotatable drive connectors of the handheld surgical device.
 2. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein the first, the second, and the third rotatable connector sleeves are each keyed to the respective one of the first, the second, and the third rotatable drive connectors such that rotation of each of the rotatable drive connectors causes an independent rotation of the corresponding one of the rotatable connector sleeves.
 3. The surgical device of claim 2, wherein the handheld surgical device further includes a drive mechanism operatively coupled to the first, the second, or the third rotatable drive connectors, the drive mechanism configured to selectively rotate one of the first, the second, or the third rotatable drive connectors.
 4. The surgical device of claim 3, wherein the selective rotation of each of the rotatable drive connectors causes a corresponding actuation of a function of the loading unit.
 5. The surgical device of claim 4, wherein the loading unit includes a tool assembly, and wherein selective rotation of one of the drive connectors corresponds to an opening and closing of the tool assembly, and a driving of at least one of a stapling assembly and a cutting assembly of the tool assembly.
 6. The surgical device of claim 4, wherein the loading unit defines a longitudinal axis, and wherein selective rotation of one of the drive connectors corresponds to an articulation of the loading unit transverse to the longitudinal axis.
 7. The surgical device of claim 4, wherein the loading unit defines a longitudinal axis, and wherein selective rotation of one of the drive connectors corresponds to rotation of the loading unit about the longitudinal axis.
 8. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein the drive coupling assembly is radially off-center with respect to the knob housing.
 9. The surgical device of claim 1, wherein the adapter further includes a drive converter assembly, the drive converter assembly including a first drive shaft, a lead screw, and a drive nut, the first drive shaft operatively coupled to one of the rotatable connector sleeves.
 10. The surgical device of claim 9, wherein the drive converter assembly further includes: a second drive shaft operatively coupled to one of the rotatable connector sleeves; and a third drive shaft operatively coupled to one of the rotatable connector sleeves.
 11. The surgical device of claim 9, wherein the lead screw is a threaded distal portion of the first drive shaft, and the drive nut is an elongated member having an internal threaded portion, the drive nut being configured to mechanically engage the threaded portion of the lead screw.
 12. The surgical device of claim 11, wherein the drive converter assembly further includes a first drive member operatively coupled to a distal portion of the drive nut via a linking assembly.
 13. The surgical device of claim 12, wherein rotation of the first drive shaft causes a non-rotational, longitudinal translation of the first drive member.
 14. The surgical device of claim 13, wherein a radial center of each of the first drive shaft, the lead screw, the drive nut, and the first drive member are disposed along a common longitudinal axis defined by the adapter.
 15. The surgical device of claim 14, wherein the loading unit includes a second drive member configured to selectively couple with a distal portion of the first drive member, wherein the longitudinal translation of the first drive member causes axial translation of the second drive member of the loading unit to effectuate opening and closing of the tool assembly and driving of at least one of the stapling assembly and the cutting assembly of the tool assembly. 